Types of Radicalization

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TYPES OF RADICALIZATION

Radicalization leading to violence may take diverse forms depending on the context and time period, and may be associated with different causes or ideologies.

Right-Wing Extremism

A form of radicalization associated with fascism, racialism/racism, supremacism and ultranationalism. This form of radicalization is characterized by the violent defence of a racial, ethnic or pseudo-national identity, and is also associated with radical hostility towards state authorities, minorities, immigrants and/or left-wing political groups.

Politico-Religious Extremism

A form of radicalization associated with a political interpretation of religion and the defence, by violent means, of a religious identity perceived to be under attack (via international conflicts, foreign policy, social debates, etc.). Any religion may spawn this type of violent radicalization.

Left-Wing Extremism

A form of radicalization that focuses primarily on anti-capitalist demands and calls for the transformation of political systems considered responsible for producing social inequalities, and that may ultimately employ violent means to further its cause. This category includes anarchist, maoist, trotskyist and marxist–leninist groups that use violence to advocate for their cause.

Single-Issue Extremism

A form of radicalization essentially motivated by a sole issue. This category includes: radical environmental or animal rights groups, anti-abortion extremists, certain anti-gay/anti-feminist movements, and ultra-individualist or independent extremist movements (such as Free Men on the Land and sovereign citizens) that use violence to promote their causes. Mass murderers whose motivations are partially or wholly ideological may also fall under this category.

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